Depression

The depressive disorder is an illness that involves the body, mood and thought. The depressive disorder is not comparable to a passenger feeling "down morals, nor a sign of personal weakness or a condition that can be willed or wiped out. Individuals suffering from depression either fail to "get back in sixth and feel a little 'better.

Clinical depression (also called unipolar depression) is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to such an extent as to destroy the social and daily activities of the individual that suffers. Many believe that depression is simply a "feeling sad for no reason", but a person suffering actually feels tired, is irritable, lazy, unmotivated, apathetic. Clinical depression can lead to negative thoughts and abuse of substances. In extreme cases, can culminate in the commission of or attempted suicide.

Without treatment, symptoms can last for weeks, months or years.

Clinical depression affects about 7-18% of the population younger than 40 at least once in their life.

Depressive disorders come in different shapes, each of which varies in symptoms, severity and persistence. Moreover, not all those who are depressed have any symptoms and the severity of symptoms varies with individuals and time.

DEPRESSION

Major depression
Characterized by numerous depression that can last for at least two weeks. May present with single or recurrent episodes. Can be divided into:
depression with melancholic features: loss of pleasure in all or most of the activity, loss of responsiveness to stimuli of pleasure, worsening of symptoms in the morning, psychomotor retardation, anorexia, or excessive guilt
depression with atypical features: the mood reactivity and positivity, significant increase in weight or increase of appetite, drowsiness, paralysis, changes in interpersonal relationships due to hypersensitivity nell'avvertire refusal
depression with psychotic features: delusions or hallucinations and not congruent with the mood

Dysthymia
depression in the long term (lasting at least two years) that often begins in adolescence and accompanies the whole life

Bipolar I Disorder
episodic malaise
The mood varies from mania to depression

Postpartum depression
depression which can affect up to two years after giving birth
due to physical exhaustion, mental and emotional, combined with lack of sleep

Premenstrual dysphoria
recurrent depressive symptoms tied to menstrual cycle
premenstrual decrease of serotonin is linked with the worsening of symptoms of the disorder

Brief depression
recurrent episodes shorter

SYMPTOMS

Depression

persistent sadness, anxiety
pessimism
sense of guilt, uselessness, and feeling helpless
loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities once enjoyed
decreased energy, fatigue, feeling slowed down
difficulty concentrating, memory, decision-making
insomnia, early morning alarm, or sleep too
loss / increase of appetite and weight
thoughts of death and suicide, suicide attempts
hyperactivity, irritability
headaches, digestive disorders, chronic pain

Mania

Abnormal or excessive elation
unusual irritability
decrease the need for sleep
parlantina
thoughts continue
increase in sexual desire
increase in
shortage of court
inappropriate social behavior

CAUSE

Causes physiological

genetic predisposition
neurological
health conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, hepatitis, mononucleosis, hypothyroidism, brain damage due to Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis or trauma from the bodies contundente)
diet (an increase of depression in developed countries has been linked to reduced levels of omega-3 fatty acids in food and farming)
alcohol and other drugs
sleep quality (lack of sleep)
Seasonal disorder (a type of depressive disorder that strikes in winter when there are fewer hours of sun, tied to the cycles of production of melatonin)
postpartum depression

Socio-psychological causes
psychological factors (low self esteem, feeling lost or distorted thoughts)
previous experiences (disturbance from post-traumatic stress)
experiences of life (long-term stress at home, at work or school)

Treatment of depression varies between individuals and the levels, types, etc.. of depression. Traditional medicine mainly uses the combination of medication and psychotherapy. A third type of treatment that is used when the one with the drugs proves to be ineffective is electroconvulsive therapy.
About 30% of patients treated with drugs heal.

In alternative medicine, are used different types of remedies:
Dietary supplements and herbs: integrators biotin, brazilian peppertree, cannabis, cat's claw, Damiana, ginkgo biloba, graviola, magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids, passionflower, tayuya, vitamin B-12, yerba mate, zinc
Light exposure to light (either solar or artificial) is effective in seasonal disorders, and at times, may also be in atypical depression
Physical activity and exercise: it is believed that physical activity and exercise can help depressed patients and promote a faster and better relief from it. Exercise produces higher levels of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, improving mood.
Meditation: Although the effects on the mind are complex, appear to be positive, as the meditation promotes calm, reflection and a rational state of mind

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